Ukuqingqa izinto ezintsha zokhuseleko lwesakhiwo? 

Xa usiva ‘ukhuseleko lwemifanekiso eqingqiweyo,’ inkoliso yeengqondo itsibela kwiimyuziyam ezikhusela iinyikima okanye iindawo eziphakamileyo. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo, into entsha yenzeke ngaphandle, apho ubugcisa budibana neziseko zophuhliso, imozulu, kunye noluntu-indawo apho ukusilela kungengomcimbi wolondolozo, liphupha elibi. Ingqwalasela yam ibisoloko ikwisiphambuka semithwalo eguqukayo, amanzi, kunye nofakelo olusisigxina. Yi-niche, kodwa enye apho izifundo ziphumelele kwaye izisombululo aziyiyo nje incwadi yokufunda.

Uluvo olungelulo lweMilayidi engatshintshiyo

Wonke umntu uqala kumthwalo ofileyo: ubunzima bobhedu, ilitye, nentsimbi. Uyayibala, uyila isiseko, kwaye ucinga ukuba ugqibile. Leyo yokuqala, kwaye iyingozi kakhulu, ukucinga. Owona mceli mngeni uqala nge imithwalo eguqukayo. Kumfanekiso oqingqiweyo womthombo, abukho nje ubunzima bamanzi kwisitya. I-hydraulic thrust esuka kwijethi yeemitha ezili-100, ukulayishwa kwebhayisikile ukusuka kwi-vibrations yepompo ehanjiswa nge-armature, kunye ne-wind shear kwifomu enkulu, engaqhelekanga esebenza ngakumbi njengeseyile kunento eqinileyo. Ndilubonile uyilo apho injineli yolwakhiwo iphethe umfanekiso oqingqiweyo njengebhloko ye-monolithic, kuphela kumthengi ukuba kamva acele ukongeza imilomo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu eguqula iqhekeza libe yindawo yokuvavanya injini yerokethi. Uyilo ngokutsha lubize intywenka yemali.

Emva koko kukho amanzi ngokwawo njengento yolwakhiwo. Asithethi nje ngomhlwa, nangona iyinxalenye enkulu leyo. Ndithetha nge-buoyancy kwi-reservoirs engcwatywe, uxinzelelo lwe-hydrostatic kwi-welds ephantsi kwamanzi kunye ne-seals, kunye nomjikelo we-freeze-thaw kwimozulu epholileyo. Omnye umntu osebenza naye wakha wasilela kakhulu kwiprojekthi yaseTshayina esemantla-intsimbi entle engenasiphene. Umbhobho wangaphakathi wezinto eziqingqiweyo wawungaphantsi kancinci. Ebusika, amanzi ashiyekileyo ayengumkhenkce, ande, kwaye aqhekeze umthungo obalulekileyo we weld. Lonke icandelo elishukumayo libanjwe kwaye emva koko lidinwe kwiinzame eziqhubekayo zemoto ukuyiqhuba. Ukulungiswa kwakubandakanya ukusika wonke undoqo. Sifunda ntoni? Eyakho ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo uhlalutyo kufuneka lubandakanye iindlela zokungaphumeleli zeenkqubo eziluncedo ezidityanisiweyo kubugcisa. Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kunye neenkqubo zawo ziyinto enye.

Apha kulapho iinkampani ezinamava anzulu entsimi zizahlula khona. Bendiphonononga ipotfoliyo yeprojekthi evela Shenyang Fei Ya Water Art Landscape Engineering Co.,Ltd. (ungawufumana umsebenzi wabo apha https://www.syfyfountain.com). Eyona nto yayibalasele yayingengomlinganiselo wemithombo yabo kuphela, kodwa ubomi obude. Ukwakha ngaphezulu kwe-100 yofakelo olukhulu ukusukela ngo-2006 kuthetha ukuba baye badibana kwaye bazisombulula ezi ngxaki zifihliweyo ziguqukayo. Ukuseta kwabo-ukuba necandelo lobunjineli kunye nophuhliso oluzinikeleyo kunye negumbi lokubonisa kunye neworkshop-icebisa uqheliselo olwakhiwe kwiprototyping kunye novavanyo, kulapho ukuveliswa kokwenyani kukhuseleko olusetyenzisiweyo oluqingqiweyo luzalwa. Ayisiyonto isoftware enqabileyo yodwa; imalunga nokuba nelebhu yokuvavanya ngokwasemzimbeni i-thrust yendibano ye-nozzle okanye ukuxhathisa kwempahla kumanzi akloriniweyo phantsi komthwalo.

Ukudinwa kweMathiriyeli kunye neziNdibaniselwano ezifihlakeleyo

Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kudla ngokuthetha ukusebenzisa imathiriyeli entsha okanye indibaniselwano. Iicomposites zeCarbon fiber ze-cantilevers ezikhaphukhaphu, iipolima ezikhethekileyo zamalungu aguquguqukayo. Kodwa yonke imathiriyeli emitsha yazisa amanqaku amatsha okusilela, rhoqo kunxibelelwano. Uyibophelela njani icarbon fiber kwintsimbi engatyiwayo kwindawo ehlala ifumile? Ukusebenza kwexesha elide le-adhesive phantsi kwebhayisikili ye-thermal yibhokisi elimnyama ngaphandle kokuba uvavanya amawaka eeyure. Sazama ukudibanisa inoveli eguquguqukayo kumfanekiso oqingqiweyo oshukumayo. Iinkcazo zekhathalogu zazigqibelele. Enyanisweni, i-micro-movements rhoqo kwindawo yenkungu eneklorini yabangela uhlobo loxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking kwi-alloy engekho kuyo nayiphi na i-data sheet. Yasilela emva kweenyanga ezili-18. 'Inguqulelo entsha' kwafuneka ibuyiselwe umva kumbutho ojikelezayo owenziwe ngobunjineli. Ngamanye amaxesha, into entsha kukwazi ixesha lokungaqali.

Ukubeka iliso ligorha elingadumanga langoku ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo. Akwanelanga ukuyakha kwaye uhambe. Ufakelo olukhulu, ngoku sifaka i-fiber optic strain gauges ngaphakathi kwamalungu abalulekileyo olwakhiwo kwaye sisebenzisa i-accelerometers ukujonga utyikityo lokungcangcazela. Utshintsho kukutoliko lwedatha. Ukutshintshwa kwisigxina esisisiseko sesakhiwo sinokubonisa ukubunjwa kokuqhekeka okanye ukulungiswa kwesiseko ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale. Sisuka kulondolozo lothintelo ukuya kulungiso oluqikelelweyo. Oku kukutshintsha umdlalo kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokusebenza lwabathengi kunye nokhuseleko lwexesha elide loluntu.

Olunye ujongano olufihlakeleyo luphakathi komzobi, injineli, kunye nomakhi. Igcisa linombono wesiqu esibhityileyo esibambe ingqukuva enkulu, ezaliswe ngamanzi. Injineli iyazi ukuba ukuchithwa kwe-vortex kwi-sphere kuya kubangela i-oscillations eyingozi. Utshintsho apha luyinkqubo, hayi lobugcisa. Imalunga ne-3D yokuskena i-maquette, iqhuba i-CFD (iComputational Fluid Dynamics) ukulinganisa kwangethuba, kunye nokuba neendibano zocweyo eziphindaphindayo apho ulungelelwano luyimodeli yexesha lokwenyani. Esona siphumo silungileyo kuxa isithintelo sobunjineli siphefumlela ukuguqulwa kobugcisa okuba sisiginitsha yesiqwenga. Ndibone umdwebi wemifanekiso eguqula ifom eqinile kwi-perforated yokunciphisa umthwalo womoya, oye wadala iipateni ezintle zokukhanya ngokusebenzisa iijethi zamanzi-ukuphuculwa kokuzalwa ngokupheleleyo kwingxoxo yokhuseleko.

Isiseko: Ngokoqobo nangokomfuziselo

Unokuba nowona mfanekiso uqingqiweyo owenziwe ngobunjineli, kwaye uya kubhukuqa ukuba isiseko asiwuqondi kakuhle umhlaba. Le yeyona ndawo incinci, ibaluleke kakhulu. Kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo yomthombo, umhlaba uhlala uphazamiseka ukususela ekuqaleni-umba izitya ezinkulu, iitafile zamanzi ziphakamileyo, kwaye umhlaba uhlala umanzi. Ukuqhuba kwemfumba ngokwemveli akunakwenzeka ecaleni kwemibhobho ethambileyo yangaphantsi komhlaba. Siye safudukela ekusebenziseni iimfumba ze-helical okanye ii-micro-piles kwezi meko. Babangela ukungcangcazela okuncinci, kunokufakwa kwii-engile ukuxhathisa i-thrust vectors ethile, kwaye umthamo wabo womthwalo unokuqinisekiswa ngexesha lofakelo. Yinto entsha yokwakha ebolekwe kubunjineli boluntu, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufakelo lobugcisa kunzulu.

Isiseko sikwabandakanya isikhokelo somthetho kunye namaxwebhu. Inguqulelo entsha esiye sayiqhubela 'liwele ledijithali' elinokuhanjiswa. Ekugqityweni kweprojekthi, umxhasi akafumani nje isethi yemizobo yePDF. Bafumana imodeli ye-3D BIM (iModeli yoLwazi loKwakha) ebandakanya i-specs yezinto eziphathekayo, iimephu ze-weld, iishedyuli zokugcinwa kwamacandelo athile, kunye nedatha yenethiwekhi yenzwa eyakhelweyo. Oku kuba yirekhodi ephilayo kubomi bomzobo. Ukuba inkampani entsha yobunjineli inikwe umsebenzi wovavanyo kwiminyaka engama-20, ayiqali ukusuka ekuqaleni okanye ixhomekeke kwizicwangciso zephepha ezifileyo. Oku kuphucula kakhulu ixesha elide ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo ulawulo.

Ukungaphumeleli kwiziseko kuyintlekele kwaye kuyabiza. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi, kungekhona eyethu ngokubonga, apho isiseko esikhulu se-kinetic sculpture yenzelwe umthwalo we-static kodwa ayizange iphendule ngokwaneleyo umzuzu oguquguqukayo ukusuka ekumiseni ngokukhawuleza kwengalo ye-kinetic. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, iye yathambeka kancinane. Oko kuthambeka kwawuguqula umbindi womxhuzulane, owandisa umthwalo oguquguqukayo kwiibheringi, nto leyo ekhokelele ekusilelekeni kokwehla. Ulungiso lwaluyinto yokuqhawula ngokupheleleyo kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona. Oyena nobangela? Uqhawulo phakathi kobalo lwamandla enjineli yoomatshini kunye noyilo lwesiseko sobunjineli boluntu. Utshintsho ngoku lunyanzeliso lweentlanganiso zokuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zoluleko kunye nenjineli ekhokelayo ethembekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo edibeneyo.

Amanzi njengoMthwalo oPhambili kunye ne-Arhente yokuHlupheka

Oku kulifanele icandelo lalo kuba ihlala iyinto yokucinga. Kuyilo lwamanzi, amanzi yindawo yobugcisa, kodwa kwinjineli yolwakhiwo, yeyona nto iphambili yomthwalo. Masiyiqhekeze. Okokuqala, impembelelo ye-hydraulic: amandla ejethi yamanzi abetha i-sculptural element ayincinci. Senza isixhobo somfanekiso oqingqiweyo ‘wentsimbi’ yobhedu owabethwa sisingqisho sehamile samanzi esicwangcisiweyo. Ii-spikes zoxinzelelo zasekhaya zanele ngokwaneleyo ukwenza umsebenzi unzima kwaye ekugqibeleni udinwe uqhekeke kubhedu obhityileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ulutsha lwalusongeza idini, ipleyiti yokubetha intsimbi engenasici emva kwesikhumba sobhedu-isisombululo esilula, esiphantse saphakathi, kodwa sasebenza.

Okwesibini, ubunzima bamanzi kunye ne-slosh. Isitya asisoloko sigcwele. Ngexesha lomboniso, ikhupha kwaye izalise ngokukhawuleza. Ukutshintsha kobunzima bamanzi kuchaphazela ukujikeleza kwendalo kwesakhiwo sonke. Ukuba le frequency ihlala ihambelana nesantya sempompo sokungcangcazela, ufumana iresonance, ekhulisa uxinzelelo ngokukhawuleza. Ngoku siqhuba uhlalutyo oluguqukayo oludlulayo silingisa wonke umjikelo womboniso wamanzi. Oku kunzima ngokokubala kodwa kuyimfuneko. Okwesithathu, kwaye eyona nto ikhohlisayo, zii-aerosols. Inkungu esuka emithonjeni ithwala amanzi kunye neekhemikhali kuwo wonke umngxuma. Ifumana imisonto yebholiti engavalwanga, izithuba zecapillary kwi welds, kunye ne conduits zombane. Utshintsho lwethu apha luncinci malunga nokutywina yonke into ngokugqibeleleyo-ayinakwenzeka loo nto-kunye nokunye malunga nokuyila iindlela zokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokusebenzisa izinto ezisilelayo. Ngokomzekelo, ukucacisa i-duplex insimbi engenasici kuzo zonke izibophelelo zangaphakathi, nokuba isakhiwo esisisiseko sisentsimbi ethambileyo, kuba xa i-coating yepeyinti ingaphumeleli (kwaye iya kuthi), i-fasteners ayiyi kugqwala kwaye ilahlekelwe amandla abo okubamba ubusuku bonke.

Ukujonga i-firm efana neShenyang Feiya Water Art Garden Engineering Co., Ltd., inkcazo yabo yokuba nebhubhoratri exhotyiswe kakuhle, igumbi lokubonisa umthombo lingundoqo. Apha kulapho ulwa-ukuvavanya khona ezi ngcinga. Wakha icandelo lomzobo kwisikali, ulibeke kwigumbi lokutshiza ityuwa, ulijikelezise ngomkhenkce, kwaye uqhube iimpompo iiyure ezili-10,000 ngokuqhubekayo. Awuqalisi kwidime yomthengi. Uyasilela kwilebhu yakho, ufunde, kwaye uphindaphinde. Loo nkqubo isisiseko esinokuthenjwa izinto ezintsha zokhuseleko lwesakhiwo.

Umba woLuntu kunye noKhuseleko lokuSebenza

Okokugqibela, zonke iinjineli ezisehlabathini zinokulungiswa ngempazamo yokusebenza. Imeko yeklasikhi: umdwelisi wenkqubo yokulawula, ezama ukwenza umphumo ophawulekayo, ukwandisa izinga lokukhawulezisa into eshukumayo eqingqiweyo. Iprofayile entsha yesantya ivelisa amandla angasebenziyo apho iziqhoboshi zesakhiwo kunye nokutshintsha komda akulinganiselwanga. Isiqwenga sibetha kwisitophu saso somatshini, yonakalisa i-arature. Ukwenziwa okutsha apha kukudityaniso lwenkqubo kunye nokuvalwa. Iinkqubo zokulawula zanamhlanje kufuneka zibe neeparitha eziphezulu ezinobunzima obungenakugqithiswa ngaphandle kogunyaziso olukhuselweyo lobunjineli be-password. Inkqubo yomboniso wobugcisa kufuneka isebenze ngaphakathi 'kwimvulophu yokhuseleko' echaziweyo yemikhosi kunye neentshukumo.

Emva koko kukho ukufikelela kwisondlo. Ukuba ibholithi ebalulekileyo ayinakwenzeka ukuba ihlolwe okanye i-torque-check ngaphandle kokuqhawula isiqingatha somfanekiso oqingqiweyo, awuyi kuhlolwa. Ngoku siyila ngolondolozo njengomqhubi ophambili. Oku kuthetha ukongeza izibuko zokuhlola, ukuyila iindawo zokuphakamisa ukutshintshwa kwecandelo, kunye nokudala ngokucacileyo, izikhokelo zokuhlola ezibonakalayo (umzekelo, Khangela iintambo zeenwele kule radius rhoqo kwiinyanga ze-6). Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kukwenza ukuba iiprothokholi zokhuseleko zenziwe lula ngokwasemzimbeni. Luyilo olugxile ebantwini kumagcisa.

Ekugqibeleni, olona tshintsho lubalulekileyo lunokuba lutshintsho kwisimo sengqondo. Ukhuseleko lolwakhiwo oluqingqiweyo ayisosiqinisekiso sexesha elinye esikhutshwe xa kufakelo. Kukuzibophelela komjikelo wobomi. Kumalunga noyilo lokungakhathali, ukwakhiwa kokungafunekiyo, ukucwangcisa ukulungiswa, kunye nokuhlonipha ukonakala okungapheliyo, ukonakalisa kokusingqongileyo-ingakumbi amanzi. Eyona njongo ayikuko ukuthintela konke ukungaphumeleli, kodwa kukulawula imo kunye nesiphumo sokungaphumeleli, ukuqinisekisa ukuba akuyi kuba yintlekele. Oko kufuna umdibaniso wemigaqo yobunjineli egcinayo, izisombululo ezijoliswe kubuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, intuition efunyenwe nzima evela kuphela ekuboneni izinto zingahambi kakuhle kwixa elidlulileyo. Lolo luhlobo lolwazi olubonayo kumaqela asele emiseleni, esakha kwaye egcina ufakelo oluntsonkothileyo amashumi eminyaka. Asiyonto onokuyilinganisa; kufuneka uphile.