Nzira yekubatanidza kudzokororwa kwemvura negadheni landscape? 

1 Nhanganyaya

Mumadhorobha ecosystem, iyo nzvimbo yemvura muviri chikamu chakakosha chayo. Nekudaro, nekukurumidzira kweiyo maindasitiri maitiro, kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo yemvura yemvura kuri kuramba kuchirema nekurema. Nzira yekunyatsobata sei yakasvibiswa mvura inodiwa zvikuru. . Parizvino, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuchenesa mvura, asi nzira dzekurapa dzechinyakare dzinoratidza zvishoma nezvishoma zvipingamupinyi zvayo. Mune bepa rino, pfungwa yekubatanidza zvinobudirira kurapwa kwekutenderera kwemvura nenzvimbo yebindu inokurudzirwa, iyo isingangogone kubata zvakasvibiswa miviri yemvura, asi zvakare Inogona kuwedzera mamiriro ekunze, uye pakupedzisira kuwana mamwe mabhenefiti eecological uye emagariro, ayo akakodzera kusimudzirwa mukushandisa zvinoshanda.

2. Mamiriro azvino ekusvibiswa kwegadheni remuguta remvura

Nekukurumidza kukura kweindasitiri yeChina, maguta mazhinji emvura emumaguta akatambura kubva kune akasiyana madhigirii ekusvibiswa, izvo zvisingangodzikisire kukosha kwavo kwekunaka, asiwo zvinonetesa basa rekushanya nekushanya, uye havakwanise kuwana magariro nemagariro mabhenefiti aanofanirwa. Parizvino, nekuda kwekunonoka kuyerera kwemvura muguta, zvishoma nezvishoma inokonzera kusvibiswa kwakakomba kweeutrophication, uye kunyangwe mamwe matumbi emvura emumaguta asvika padanho rekushaikwa kwekudya. Uyezve, izvi zvakakomba zvakatoitika mumaguta akawanda muChina, uye pane kunyange tsika yekupararira.

Pamusoro pedambudziko re eutrophication munzvimbo dzakakura dzemvura mumaguta, mamwe madiki egadheni ane matambudziko akajeka senge yakaderera mvura kugona, kushomeka kwekuzvinatsa kugona, yakafara kusvibiswa masosi nenzvimbo diki yemvura. Ita kuti zvive nyore kusvibiswa nekukuvadzwa.

Parizvino, kunze kwenhamba shoma yezvitunha zvemvura zvinoburitswa zvakananga setsvina yemumba, nzvimbo yemvura yemvura yakasvibiswa zvakanyanya. Hunhu hwemvura hwemitumbi mizhinji yemvura yakadzikira mukusvibiswa kwetsvina kana ichienzaniswa netsvina yemumba, mvura inoyerera mumapurazi, nezvimwewo, inova miviri yakasvibiswa nemvura kana chiedza. Dhigirii yekusvibiswa kwemitumbi yemvura, saka, inofanirwa kupihwa kutariswa kwakazara uye kutariswa, uye kutora hutongi hunobudirira nebasa rekutonga.

Usati wabata nemitumbi yemvura munzvimbo dzemudhorobha, zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise matsime makuru ekusvibisa mumvura yedhorobha. Kazhinji, kunobva kusvibiswa kwemvura yemumaguta ndiko kunonyanya kukonzera kusvibiswa uye kusvibiswa kusina nzvimbo. Kune nzvimbo dzinosvibisa tsvina, kune kunyanya kuine mvura yetsvina yemumaindasitiri, tsvina yemudzimba, tsvina yetsvina yetsvina uye marara, nezvimwewo, ukuwo kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo kunonyanya kusanganisira kuyerera kwemumaguta nekuyerera kwekurima kubva kumadhorobha kumusoro kwenzvimbo dzekurima. Parizvino, nokuda kwekusvibiswa kusina nzvimbo, nekuda kwehuwandu hwekusvibiswa kwepamusoro, kutonga kwakaoma zvikuru uye kwakagamuchira kunyanya kutariswa.

3. Pfungwa yekurapa kutenderera kwemvura uye kubatanidzwa kwegadheni

Tichifunga nezvekukanganisa kwemaitiro egadheni echinyakare akadai sekupfapfaidza zvinodhaka uye kusefa, kushandiswa kweiyo microbial degradation, kemikari kuita kwezvirimwa uye mhedzisiro yemuviri yemafiller zvinogonesa kucheneswa kwakadzika kwemvura yakaraswa uye kudzokororwa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura. Ikoko hakuna kunhuhwirira muhutano hwekurapa, uye kutonhora kwakadzika munguva yechando hakukanganisi maitiro ekugadzirisa mvura. Iyo schematic dhizaini yekugadziriswa kwayo ndeiyi inotevera:

Kune ivhu rakavakwa, chekutanga, mvura yakasvibirira inoda kutsvagirwa munzvimbo yedova. Iko kunobva mvura yakasvibirira inonyanya kumvura inonaya kana kunaya kwekuvaka kwezvivakwa zvakapoteredza. Pamberi pekuzadza, kunaka kwemvura yemvura yakasvibirira kunoda kuongororwa. Kana iyo muviri wemvura ichida kucheneswa, Iyo pombi inoshandiswa kupomba mvura yakasvibira kuti igadziriswe kune yekutenderera kwemvura kurapwa system yenzvimbo.

Munzvimbo yebindu umo mvura yakasvibirira inopinda mumvura yekutenderera kwemvura, inotanga kurapwa neokisijeni mumvura yeaeration tank, uye yozoyerera nepakati pekutanga-class biological pool, yekutanga-danho rematombo mubhedha, yechipiri-chikamu biological pool, uye yechipiri. Mubhedha wematombo unosefetwa, dephosphorized uye nitrogen, uye pakupedzisira inoyerera ichidzokera mugungwa renzvimbo kuburikidza nepombi yepasi pevhu.

Mvura yakasvibirira inobatwa nemvura inotenderera yekurapa system inogona kushandiswa mune zvakawanda zvinhu. Kune rimwe divi, inogona kushandiswa kumvura uye kudiridza mumaguta egadheni nzvimbo, kune rimwe divi, inogona kunyatsoita mhedzisiro yekuvandudza mamiriro ekunze uye kuvandudza nharaunda yenharaunda. Kurudzira mukuita.

4. Nheyo yekuchenesa mvura yebindu landscape

Kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwekutenderera kwemvura uye nzvimbo yebindu yakagamuchirwa mupepa riri pamusoro, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kucheneswa kwehutano hwemvura kunonyanya kuita basa rinokosha mukubatanidzwa katatu kwebiology, physics uye chemistry. Muchiitiko ichi, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa mvura dzakadai sekutora, kusefa, kunyudza chirimwa, kushatisa kwehutachiona uye kusefa dzinoshandiswa zvinobudirira. Pasi pechiito chakabatanidzwa, mvura yakasvibiswa inonatswa zvinobudirira, uye zvinosvibisa mumvura zvinowanikwawo. Kuparara kunobudirira. Iyo mvura yekuchenesa sisitimu haingobvisi organic zvinhu, asi zvakare inobvisa nitrogen uye dephosphorizes uye inobvisa inorema simbi, iyo inogona kuwana yakanaka kwazvo kurapwa mhedzisiro.

Iyo mvura inodonha tangi yeaeration uye iyo inodzika sefa inonyanya kushandiswa kubvisa maion iron mumvura yakasvibiswa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, zvinosvibisa mutsvina zvinogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvitatu, mhando yekutanga yezvinosvibisa inyaya yakamiswa, mhando yechipiri yezvinosvibisa zvinhu zvinosvibisa organic, uye yechitatu mhando yezvinosvibisa inorganic salt nitrogen nephosphorus. Kurapa kwezvakarembera zvakamira mumhando yekutanga yezvinosvibisa, iyo adsorption uye kunaya kwemvura kunonyanya kushandiswa. Mune ino sisitimu, iyo yakazara ecological kurapwa maitiro yakavakirwa chirimwa matombo mubhedha inogona kuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka, uye chiyero chekubvisa chinogona kuwanikwa kazhinji. Kupfuura 90%. Kune izvo zvinosvibisa zvipenyu mumhando yechipiri yezvinosvibisa, midzi yemadziva emvura yakakwira uye midzi yezvirimwa uye biofilm iri pamusoro pevhu mumubhedha wematombo echirimwa inonyanya kushandiswa, uye nzira yekutanga adsorption uye post biodegradation inogamuchirwa. Kunyatsobviswa. Pakupedzisira, mukubviswa kwerudzi rwechitatu rwezvinosvibisa seinorganic salts nitrogen ne phosphorus, yekutanga inonyanya kuitwa nekutorwa kwezvirimwa, kuunganidzwa kwemicrobial uye kubatanidzwa kwemibhedha yematombo. Nokuda kwekubviswa kwekupedzisira, chikamu chayo chinonyatsogadziriswa nemidzi yemiti, uye chimwe chikamu chinopukunyuka kubva muhurongwa nekuita kwekudzivisa mabhakitiriya pasi pemamiriro eanaerobic.

5. Kurapa kwekutenderera kwemvura uye nzvimbo yebindu inopindirana

Nzvimbo yebindu pachayo inzvimbo yakanaka yeguta. Iko kusanganiswa kunoshanda kwekutenderera kwemvura kurapwa kunogona kuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka. Izvo zviviri zvinowirirana uye zvakakosha. Kune rimwe divi, iyo yekutenderera kwemvura kurapwa system inoda kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekurapa kwemvura yedhorobha gadheni landscape. Nekune rumwe rutivi, nzira yekurapa yekutenderera kwemvura inogamuchirwa mupepa rino inogonawo kusangana nemamiriro enzvimbo yebindu pachayo. Nokudaro, mukuita, zvinhu zvezviviri zvinofanira kutariswa zvakadzama. Kazhinji, iyo mvura inotenderera system inogoverwa pasi pegirini.

Mukubatanidzwa kwakakwana kwekugadzirisa kutenderera kwemvura uye nzvimbo yebindu, zvechokwadi ichagadzira yakanaka yezvakatipoteredza uye mamiriro ekunze pamusana pekusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadziriswa kwemvura, semuenzaniso, kudyara kwakasiyana-siyana kwemiti yebindu remvura uye kupfumisa nzvimbo mubindu. Kusiyana-siyana kunogonawo kuita basa rinokosha mukuenzanisa kwezvisikwa zvebindu.

Iyo tangi yepakati sedimentation inonyanya kudyarwa nemiti yemvura yakadai setsanga uye cattail, iyo yakasvibirira uye ine mhepo; iyo yekunze yakasimwa yakasimwa nemiti yakasiyana-siyana yebindu, uye mamiriro ekunze anoshamisa. Nzira yemvura ndiyo mutsara mukuru wemunda wose webindu, nokudaro uchigadzira nzvimbo yakanaka yemamiriro ezvinhu, zvichiita kuti vanhu vakanganwe kudzoka.

6, mhedziso

Muchidimbu, zviwanikwa zvemvura zvine chekuita nehupfumi hwenyika yeChina uye raramo yevanhu, hunova hwaro hwehupenyu hwevanhu. Pasina mvura, hapana hupenyu. Zvichienderana nemamiriro azvino ekusvibisa kusvibiswa kwemvura yemumaguta, bepa rino rinopa zano rinobva pakubatanidzwa kwakadzama kwekudzokororwa kwemvura uye kutaridzika kwebindu. Mushure mekushandisa inoshanda, yakawana yakanaka ecological uye yezvakatipoteredza mabhenefiti. Munyori anotenda kuti nekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza mvura yeChina mune ramangwana, kunaka kwenzvimbo yemaguta ekugadziriswa kwemvura kuchasvika padanho idzva.