Nigute ushobora kwinjiza ibicuruzwa byamazi hamwe nubusitani bwubusitani? 

1 IRIBURIRO

Muri urusobe rw'imijyi, umubiri w'amazi w'igihugu ni igice cy'ingenzi muri byo. Ariko, hamwe no kwihutisha inzira yinganda ziriho, umwanda wurwego rwamazi uremereye kandi uremereye. Nigute ushobora gufata neza umubiri wamazi wanduye urakenewe cyane. . Kugeza ubu, hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura amazi, ariko uburyo gakondo bwo kuvura buhoro buhoro bugaragaza ibitagenda neza. Muri iyi rupapuro, igitekerezo cyo guhuza neza kuvura amazi hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya ubusitani, bidashobora gusa gufata neza imibiri y'amazi yanduye, ariko birashobora no kongera ingaruka nyabagendwa, kandi amaherezo birashobora kubona inyungu zisanzwe nimibereho, zikwiye kuzamurwa mubikorwa.

2. Imiterere yanduye igezweho yimirima yubusitani bwamazi

Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda zubushinwa, imibiri y'amazi menshi yo mu mijyi yarwaye umwanda mu buryo butandukanye, ariko kandi igabanya agaciro k'ubukerarugendo no mu bukerarugendo, kandi ntishobora kubona inyungu z'imibereho n'ubukerarugendo. Kugeza ubu, kubera umuvuduko gahoro amazi mumujyi, buhoro buhoro itera umwanda mwinshi wa eutffication, ndetse na amwe mumazi yamazi yumujyi yageze kurwego rwinshi. Byongeye kandi, iyi myumvire ikomeye yamaze kuba mumijyi myinshi yo mu Bushinwa, kandi hariho impengamiro yo gukwirakwira.

Usibye ikibazo cya eutroplative mu mibiri minini y'amazi mu mijyi, ibindi bintu bike by'ubusitani bifite ibibazo bidasanzwe nk'ubushobozi bw'amazi make, ubushobozi buke bwo kweza, amasoko yagutse, ahantu hatoya. Kora byinshi byoroshye umwanda no kwangirika.

Kugeza ubu, usibye umubare muto w'amazi asezerewe mu buryo butaziguye nk'imyanda yo mu rugo, umubiri w'amazi uhagaze. Ubwiza bw'amazi bwimibare yubutaka bwinshi ni hasi cyane kurwego rwanduye ugereranije nimyanda yo murugo, amazi yumurima, nibindi, umubiri wamazi wanduye cyangwa urumuri. Urwego rwo Guhumanya imibiri y'amazi rero, rukwiye kwitabwaho no kwitabwaho, kandi tugakora imirimo ifatika yimiyoborere n'imicungire.

Mbere yo gukemura imibiri y'amazi mu gihe nyabagendwa, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa isoko nyamukuru y'umwanda mu mazi ahanga yo mu mijyi. Muri rusange, isoko yumwanda mumazi yo mumujyi ahanini ni isoko yubupfura hamwe numwanda utagira ingingo. Ku ngingo yanduye amasoko, ahanini ahana imyanda yo mu mujyi, imyanda yo mu mujyi, igihingwa cyo kuvura imyanda, n'ibindi. Kugeza ubu, kubera umwanda udahumanya, kubera umutwaro wo hejuru wanduye, kugenzura biragoye kandi byakiriye neza.

3. Igitekerezo cyo kuzenguruka amazi no kwishyira hamwe ubusitani

Urebye amakosa yubutunzi gakondo nko gutera ibiyobyabwenge no gukandamiza, gukoresha imiti yimiti byibihingwa ningaruka zumubiri bizafasha kwezwa kwangiza amazi no gutunganya umutungo. Nta mpumuro mu buryo bwo kuvura, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hasi mu gihe cy'itumba ntabwo bugira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo gutunganya amazi. Igishushanyo cya Schematic cyo gutunganya ni ibi bikurikira:

Ku gishanga cyubatswe, icya mbere, amazi mbisi agomba kwishyurwa mu gishanga cy'ubukorikori. Inkomoko y'amazi mbisi ahanini ni amazi yimvura cyangwa imvura yo kubaka inyubako zikikije. Mbere yo kuzungura, ireme ry'amazi y'amazi mbisi rigomba gukurikiranwa. Niba umubiri wamazi ugomba kwezwa, pompe ikoreshwa mugutanga amazi mbisi kugirango avurwe kuri sisitemu yo kuzenguruka amazi.

Mu busitani bwamazi yubusitani bwinjiye muri sisitemu yo kuzenguruka amazi, bizabanza kuvurwa na ogisijeni mu kigega cya mbere, hanyuma ikatemba ibinyabuzima bya mbere, hanyuma ikatemba mu kigo cya mbere cy'ibinyabuzima, hanyuma ikanda ibinyabuzima bya mbere, hanyuma ikirebwa cya mbere, ikidendezi cya kabiri cyibinyabuzima, na kabiri. Uburiri bwa kaburimbo buyungurura, budahwitse kandi na Nitrogene, amaherezo bisohoka mu kiyaga gisanzwe ginyuze mu muyoboro wo munsi.

Amazi mbisi avurwa na sisitemu yo kuzenguruka amazi irashobora gukoreshwa mubice byinshi. Ku ruhande rumwe, irashobora gukoreshwa mu mazi no kuhira mu mirima yo mu mijyi yo mu mijyi, ku rundi ruhande, irashobora kugera ku ngaruka zo kunoza ikirere cyakarere no kunoza ibidukikije by'ibidukikije. Guteza imbere mubikorwa.

4. Ihame ryo kweza amazi yubusitani

Binyuze mu kwishyira hamwe kw'ikirere cy'amazi n'imbuga z'ubusitani zafashwe mu rupapuro rwavuzwe haruguru, birashobora kugaragara ko kwezwa k'amazi bigira uruhare runini muri triplioft yo guhuza ibinyabuzima, fiziki na chimisi. Muri icyo gikorwa, uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura amazi nko kwinjiza, kurwara, kwinjiza, gushushanya kwa mikorobe no kugisimba birakoreshwa neza. Mu bikorwa bihuriweho, amazi yanduye asukurwa neza, kandi umwanda mu mazi nawo uboneka. Kubora neza. Sisitemu yo kweza amazi ntabwo ikuraho gusa ibintu kama, ahubwo ikuraho azote no gutesha agaciro kandi ikuraho ibyuma biremereye, bishobora kugera kubisubizo byiza byo kuvura.

Ikigega cyamazi gigwa hamwe na syungurura ikoreshwa cyane mugushushanya icyuma mumubiri wamazi yanduye. Mu bihe bisanzwe, umwanda mu kayira urashobora kugabanywa ahanini mu byiciro bitatu, ubwoko bwa kabiri bwa pollutants ni ibintu byanduye, ubwoko bwa pollutants ni umwanda kama, naho ubwoko bwa gatatu bwa azote na fosifori za mossiniya. Kugirango kuvura ibibi byahagaritswe mubu bwoko bwambere bwanduye, ibibanza no kugwa bikoreshwa cyane. Muri iyi sisitemu, inzira yo kuvura ibidukikije cyane ishingiye ku buriri bwa kaburimbo irashobora kugera kubisubizo byiza, kandi igipimo cyo gukuraho gishobora kugerwaho. Kurenga 90%. Kuri kama kama muburyo bwa kabiri bwa pollutants, imiterere yimizi yubwato bwibimera hamwe na biofilm ku butaka bwa kaburimbo bukoreshwa cyane, nuburyo bwa adsorpradation ya mbere hamwe na biodegrafiya byemewe. Byakuweho neza. Hanyuma, mu kurandura ubwoko bwa gatatu bwa polltats nkinyunyu zumunyu wa anorurnike inorubani Kugirango urwanire rwa nyuma, igice cyacyo cyinjijwe neza mumizi yibihingwa, ikindi gice cyahunze kuri sisitemu nigikorwa cya bagiteri mubintu bya Anaerobic.

5. Gukwirakwiza amazi no gutunganya ubusitani bwuzuzanya

Ahantu h'ubusitani ubwayo ni ahantu heza mu mujyi. Guhuza neza kuvura amazi birashobora kugera kubisubizo byiza. Kuzuza bibiri kandi ni ngombwa. Ku ruhande rumwe, gahunda yo kuzenguruka amazi igomba kubahiriza ibisabwa mu mazi yo mu mirima yo mu mijyi. Ku rundi ruhande, sisitemu yo kuzenguruka amazi yemejwe muri uru rupapuro irashobora kandi kuzuza ibisabwa nyaburanga mu busitani ubwabwo. Kubwibyo, mubikorwa, ibintu byombi bigomba gusuzumwa muburyo bwimbitse. Muri rusange, gahunda yo kuzenguruka amazi yatanzwe munsi yicyatsi.

Mu guhuza neza kuvura amazi nubusitani bwubusitani, bizatera ingaruka nziza ibidukikije kandi nyabyo hazashyirwaho ingaruka mbi zishingiye ku bijyanye no kuvura amazi, urugero, gutera ibihingwa bitandukanye byo mu mazi kandi bikungahaza ahantu nyaburima mu busitani. Ubusa bushobora kandi kugira uruhare runini muburinganire bwibidukikije mubusitani.

Ikigega cyo hagati cyatewe ahanini n'ibimera byo mu mazi nka reed na cattail, bihumeka n'umuyaga; Igice cyo hanze cyatewe mu buryo bworoshye hamwe nibihingwa bitandukanye byubusitani, kandi ingaruka nyabaranga ni indashyikirwa. Sisitemu y'amazi niyo mirongo nyamukuru yubusitani bwose bwubusitani, bityo ikora ahantu heza h'ibibanza, bigatuma abantu bibagirwa kugaruka.

6, umwanzuro

Muri make, umutungo w'amazi ufitanye isano n'ubukungu bw'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa ndetse n'imibereho y'abaturage, niyo shingiro ryumubiri kugirango abantu barokoke. Udafite amazi, nta buzima. Dushingiye ku myanya ihuriweho n'utuntu duhuje n'utuza imijyi, iyi nyandiko irabigaragaza igitekerezo gishingiye ku guhuza ubujyakuzimu bwo gutunganya amazi no gukomera ubusitani. Nyuma yo gusaba bifatika, yageze ku nyungu nziza n'ibidukikije. Umwanditsi yizera ko hamwe na tekinoroji y'amazi yubushinwa mugihe kizaza, ireme ryimiterere yimiterere yamazi yo mumijyi rizagera rwose kurwego rushya.